Starch isolation from turmeric dye extraction residue and its application in active film production.

In this study, we have isolated starch from turmeric dye extraction residue by steeping in acid medium (AS), steeping in water (WS), or steeping in alkaline medium (KS) and assessed the filmogenic capacity of the resulting starches. We have also characterized the chemical composition, morphology, swelling power, solubility, crystallinity, and active properties of the AS, WS, and KS starches and investigated the mechanical, functional, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties of the corresponding films. The AS and KS starches showed lower apparent amylose content and higher purity, relative crystallinity, swelling power, and solubility than the WS starch. All the starches retained phenolic compounds and curcuminoids; their phenolic and curcuminoid contents were higher than the contents in the residue, especially in the case of the AS starch, which yielded films with the best antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The AS and KS starches yielded films that were more resistant at break, less soluble in water, and less hydrophilic than the film obtained from the WS starch. Thus, submitting turmeric dye extraction residue to AS in ascorbic acid yielded a starch that resulted in films with good mechanical properties and better antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, to ensure safe and prolonged food shelf life.

Pain Management in Clinical Practice Research Using Electronic Health Records.

BACKGROUND: The use of electronic health record (EHR) systems encourages and facilitates the use of data for the development and surveillance of quality indicators, including pain management. AIM: to conduct an integrative review on pain management research using data extracted from EHR in order to synthesize and analyze the following elements: pain management (assessments, interventions, and outcomes) and study results with potential clinical implications, data source, clinical sample characteristics, and method description. DESIGN: An integrative review of the literature was undertaken to identify exemplars of scientific research studies that explore pain management using data from EHR, using Cooper's framework. RESULTS: Our search of 1,061 records from PubMed, Scopus, and Cinahl was narrowed down to 28 eligible articles to be analyzed. CONCLUSION: Results of this integrative review will make a critical contribution, assisting others in developing research proposals and sound research methods, as well as providing an overview of such studies over the past 10 years. Through this review it is therefore possible to guide new research on clinical pain management using EHR.